What is biogas
Whenever anaerobic digestion occurs (Meaning anything rot, but if it is not oxygen means you have sealed the oxygen or removed oxygen by doing anything. So due to lack of oxygen, we call it Anaerobic Digestive.) Understand the meaning of biogas, Just as human being breathes, they take oxygen, and carbon-di-oxide comes out, so do plants, carbon-di-oxide takes them and oxygen is released. So the same thing is happening in this biogas, if you are removing oxygen then the output which is releasing microorganisms starts to releasing methane instead of oxygen. So this is called biogas, not methane because so much gas is mixed in biogas, even though methane is high, there are other gases as well.What is biogas
So now the question comes, which gases are there in biogas. So first of all, there is methane and it also contains some amount of carbon-di-oxide because you cannot remove oxygen fully. Then it contains a little amount of hydrogen sulfide which should be a harmful molecule that should be avoided. But you will not get any harm due to its burning nor will there be any harm to the environment and it also contains ammonia. You know that its source is made from cow dung. We have told you the ratio of some gases which are in biogas, you can understand better by looking at them.
S. No. Name of Gases % Ratio
Methane
1. Methane (CH4) 50-60
Methane
2. Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) 25-35
Methane
3. Hydrogen (H2) 1-5
Methane
4. Nitrogen (N2) 2-7
Methane
5. Oxygen (O2) 0-0.1
Methane
6. Hydrogen Sulphide (CH4) Traces
Uses of biogas
• Biogas is very helpful in cooking food and the food made from it is also healthy.• When there is no electricity in the house, it can be lit up and it does not pollute the environment after burning.
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• We can store the biogas in one place. For example, if its production has reduced or the need has become more, then you can keep it for the future.
• If we burn the organic waste directly, then it will create pollination, If we set up a biogas plant instead of burning it, there will be no pollination and our work will also be done.
• We can also put a small plant of biogas or we can also increase plant which is a very interesting thing.
• We have been making and using biogas since 1980 and it is very tested, easy and simple, for this you do not need any knowledge. Uses of biogas
Working of Biogas
The process of biogas formation is a physical process whose diagram you can see. There are six parts in it, which we have explained further.
(1) Foundation - It is made of cement and it is very concrete. Its thickness is fixed and it also acts as a waterproofing. The digester is placed inside this foundation.
What is biogas(2) Digester - Its height and altitude are not fixed, you can make it as big as you want, but mostly this digester is 12 to 20 feet deep and 4 to 20 feet broad. Cow dung is rotated in this digester and make biogas. This digester is circular and this circular digester is the divide in semicircular shapes. There is cement plaster on the wall of this digester, due to which water and air can neither come in nor go out. In this, the dung water mixer comes in through the inlet pipe and after being rotated, it gets filled out through the outlet pipe.
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(3) Gas Holder or Dome - This gas holder is made of very strong metal, from which neither air can come in nor go out and this is of Dome shape, due to which this gas holder is also called Dome. The wall above the digester is attached to the gasholder or dome, due to which the gas produced by the digester's rotation is going directly into the gasholder. Due to the rotating of the digester, the gas slowly accumulates in the dome, due to which the dome becomes full, then the gas starts coming out through a metal pipe that is attached to the dome. Then you can use this gas for different purposes.
What is biogas
(4) Inlet Tank - All the excreta and garbage are put in it and this excreta and garbage go through the inlet pipe into the digester. This inlet-pipe is connected to the inlet-tank and digester. This inlet-tank is made with the help of cement and bricks which is very concrete. You can put garbage and excreta in it daily, it will automatically go into the digester and be converted into gas and the remaining material will be left outside which is used as an organic.
(5) Outlet Tank - It is situated on the other side of the digester. This tank is also made with the help of cement and bricks, which is very concrete. The waste material that remains after digestion comes into this outlet tank through the outlet pipe and accumulates which serves as a good organic. This outlet pipe also connects to the digester and to the outlet tank.
What is biogas
(6) GI Pipe - The gas which is generated due to digestive is used to move it to a different place with the help of this pipe. There is a pipe in the center of the digester that helps rotate the excreta and the garbage, the diameter of that pipe and diameter of this GI pipe is similar.
Conclusion
The use of biogas is not a cause of harm or damage to the environment nor to human beings. It is also affordable for the poor farmer and can make it as big and small as you want. The biogas plant not only gives gas but it also gives organic which can be increased by putting it in the fields. Every village should have at least one incremental biogas plant. What is biogas
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